Mojtaba's work has been published in Journal of Membrane Science!

We conduct a systematic high-temperature annealing study on two separate, commercial, low-cost Cu foils leading to their transformation to Cu(111). The annealing process smoothened the Cu surface, decreasing the root mean square (RMS) surface roughness from over 200 nm to close to 100 nm. The RMS roughness on the individual Cu step, measured using the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), was only 0.23 nm. The smooth, oriented Cu grains yielded single-layer graphene with a significantly lower defect density with I_D/I_G ratio decreasing from 0.18 ± 0.02 to 0.04 ± 0.01. Finally, single-layer graphene films, synthesized on the annealed low-purity Cu foil, yielded H₂-selective membranes with H₂ permeance reaching 1000 gas permeation units (GPU) in combination with attractive H₂/CH₄ and H₂/C₃H₈ selectivities of 13 and 26, respectively.